The European Commission has published a review of proposal evaluation processes in the EU’s framework programmes. The study aims at informing the development of proposal evaluation processes in Horizon Europe. It is based on a review of the literature, case studies, and an analysis of existing and new data sets on proposal evaluation in Horizon 2020. The authors of the study find that in general, proposal evaluation processes were fair and transparent. However, there may be scope to improve consistency and the feedback provided, and to reduce the burden and conservatism of the process, the report concludes. Based on these findings, the authors identify 10 recommendations for Horizon Europe: